urachus and malignancyyolk sac forms the allantois(尿膜)
→allantoins become the urachus(尿膜管)(duct between bladder and umbilicus)
→urachus which fails to involute may increase the risk of infection,malignancy(eg,adenocarcinoma) embryology Mar 29, 2019, 9:36 PM HirotoShishido
warfarin effects on fetusBone and cartilage deformities (stippled epiphyses, nasal and limb hypoplasia), optic nerve atrophy, fetal cerebral hemorrhage. embryologyreproductiveOBGY Jul 8, 2020, 4:57 AM HirotoShishido
two types of cysts on the neck(birth defect)thyroglossal duct cyst→presents as an anterior midline neck mass which ☆moves with swallowing
what causes DiGeorge synddefective development of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches(第3,4咽頭嚢)→ T lymphocyte immunodeficiency, hypothyroidism embryology Mar 28, 2019, 9:57 PM HirotoShishido
what embryonic structures give rise to SVC/IVCRight common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein→ SVC
Posterior, subcardinal, and supracardinal veins→ IVC cardiologyembryology Jun 27, 2020, 2:12 AM HirotoShishido
metanephric mesenchyme, ureteric budMetanephric mesenchyme (ie, metanephric blastema)
→ glomerulus through to distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
Ureteric bud (metanephric diverticulum)
derived from caudal end of mesonephric duct → gives rise to ureter, pelvises, calyces, collecting ducts; renalembryologyUWorld Jul 8, 2020, 12:01 AM HirotoShishido
mnemonics for early embryonic development2 weeks = 2 layers. (epiblast, hypoblast)
3 weeks = 3 layers. (ecto, meso, endo)
week 3-8
Extremely susceptible to teratogens.
4 weeks = 4 limbs and 4 heart chambers.
8 weeks = Gait at week 8.
10 weeks = Tenitalia. embryology Jul 8, 2020, 4:40 AM HirotoShishido
cleft palate, cleft lip
etiologycleft palate→ when the lateral palatine processes or the median palatine processes fail to fuse with the nasal septum
cleft lip→ when the maxillary process and merged nasal processes (= ☆intermaxillary segment) fail to fuse
*failed fusion of 2 medial nasal prominences→ holoprocencephaly embryology Dec 3, 2019, 8:12 PM HirotoShishido
眼 発生神経外胚葉 網膜
中胚葉 硝子体、脈絡膜、強膜、角膜(上皮を除く)
表皮外胚葉 水晶体、角膜上皮、瞳孔括約筋、散大筋 embryology Dec 24, 2018, 3:11 AM HirotoShishido
