"hematology" Post in this tag
original combination chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma
can be used for the patients who relapse or have allergies to ABVD
MOPP regimen
Mechlorethamine, Oncovin (vincristine), Procarbazine, and ☆Prednisone.
pharmacology
hematology
HirotoShishido
Picture
burr cells= echinocytes 棘状赤血球
→☆pyruvate kinase deficiency=(extravascular) hemolytic anemia in newborn(caused by ↓ATP)
hematology
HirotoShishido
painful crisis
sickel cell crisis
the pain that start suddenly and last several hours to several days
this happens when sickled red blood cell block small blood vessels
hematology
HirotoShishido
antiplatelet
drug,adverse effect
・ADP receptor inhibitor (strage)
(pig-dog hybrid→)clopidogrel
(pidgen tickling itself with tentacles→)ticlopidine(rarely used)
(aligator tickling→)ticagrelor
(pile of sugar→)prasugrel
TTP(crashed purple UFOs), ticlopidine→neutropenia
・phosphodiesterase inhibitor→(a lot of tents→)↑cAMP
(mole with pyramid on the head→)dipyridamole
(space cello→)cilostazole
↑cGMP→vasodilation→facial flushing
nausea,vomiting
・ⅡbⅢa inhibitors(2 bee, 3 ants)(Glanzmann)
(tire→)tirofiban
(ABC→)abciximab
pharmacology
hematology
HirotoShishido
parietal cells
secretory products
intrinsic factor
hydrochloric acid(gastric acid)
the secretion of hydrochloric acid is also altered in the patinet with pernicious anemia
gastrointestinal
hematology
HirotoShishido
Picture
Howell-Jolly bodies
=clusters of DNA remnants in erythrocyte
(peripheral, dark, round purple inclusions)
Functional hyposplenia (eg, sickle cell disease), asplenia, megaloblastic anemia
hematology
UWorld
HirotoShishido
what disease is associated with porphyria cutanea tarda
symptom
hepatitis C
blistering cutaneous photosensitivity and hyperpigmentation
hematology
HirotoShishido
diffrentiate between folate and vitamin B12 deficiency
↑ homocysteine in both
☆↑ methylmalonic acid only in cobalamin deficiency(cobalamin=cofacter for methylmalonyl CoA mutase)
(methylmalonyl CoA is converted to succinyl CoA with the cofactor vitamin B12. If there is not enough vitamin B12 present, methylmalonyl CoA is alternatively converted to methylmalonic acid)
hematology
UWorld
HirotoShishido
most common cause of inherited hypercoagulability in Caucasians
factor Ⅴ leiden
mutant factor Ⅴ is resistant to degradation by activated piotein C
→→DVT,recurrent pregnancy loss
hematology
HirotoShishido
Glanzmann thrombasthenia
defect
medication which has the same effect
defect in GpⅡb/Ⅲa
→defect in platelet to platelet aggregation
abciximab(glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa inhibitors)
hematology
HirotoShishido
Bernard-Soulier syndrome
platelet count
↓GPⅠb(Ⅸ/Ⅴ complex)→defect in platelet to vWF adhbsion
→large platelet→↓platelet count
hematology
HirotoShishido
strage pool disease
defect
medication which has the similar effect
defect in ADP release
clopidogrel(block ADP receptor+prevent expression of Gp Ⅱb/Ⅲa)
hematology
HirotoShishido
Burkitt lymphoma
mantle cell lymphoma
follicular lymphoma
translocation
バーはいいよ!(8;14) c-myc activation
ママといい日よ!(11;14) cyclin D1 activation
ロイホは一生いや!(14;18) BCL-2 activation +(DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma)
hematology
HirotoShishido
neoplasm associated with BCL-2 overexpression
follicular and diffuse large B Cell Lymphoma
BCL→antiapoptotic molecule
Bcl-2 keeps the mitochondrial membrane impermeable, thereby preventing ☆cytochrome C release from mitochondria. Bcl-2 overexpression (eg, follicular lymphoma t[14;18])→↓caspase activation→tumorigenesis.
genetics
hematology
UWorld
HirotoShishido
treatment and prevention for Rh hemolytic disease of the newborn
exchanging the Rh-positive blood with Rh-negative blood
prevention→administration of anti-D IgG to Rh negative pregnant woman during third trimester and eary postpartum period
immunology
hematology
obstetrics
HirotoShishido
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