Carcinoid syndrome does not occur if (carcinoid) tumor is limited to the GI tract(intestine, rectum, appendix→ can cause ☆acute appendicitis)
↑histamine+bradykinin→vasodilation→flushing
↑serotonin
→↑GI motility→diarrhea
→fibrosis→TR,PS
→bronchoconstriction→asthmatic wheezing
→↓tryptphan→★↓niacin→pellagra
characterized by its uniformity in shape and size of the cells that comprise the islands, and the cells of eosinophilic cytoplasm and oval-to-round stippled nuclei
endocrinology
UWorld
UWorld step2CK
Optimized studying based on the forgetting curve vastly improves memorization. - What is reminDO?
Memorize