Increased blood volume and cardiac output result in the following alterations in renal hemodynamics:
• Increased renal plasma flow (RPF), ☆which peaks at 12 weeks gestation.
• Increased glomerular filtration rate
• Increased creatinine clearance, leading to decreased serum creatinine levels, typically by an average reduction of approximately 0.4 mg/dL
renal
OBGY
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