changes in the character of the pain, fever, hemodynamic instability (hypotension, tachycardia), guarding, leukocytosis, and significant metabolic acidosis (low bicarbonate in this patient)
Delay in surgery (★urgent surgical exploration)may lead to perforation and significant risk of mortality.
(as the SBO progresses, sounds may become diminished and if ischemia occurs they may disappear altogether)
gastrointestinal
surgery
UWorld step2CK
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