H pylori induced GDUantrum
→cause both ↓D cells(somatostatin) and ↓G cells
→overall gastrin production from stomach increases
→☆↑duodenal ulcer
body (corpus)
→ reduction in the number of parietal cells
→ acid prduction decreases (or normal)
→ associated with metaplasia and malignancies(eg gastric lymphoma, adenocarcinoma) gastrointestinalUWorld HirotoShishido
acidic environment for lipaselipase is inactivated by the acidic environment of the stomach
GI manifestations of diabetic autonomic neuropathygastroparesis, GERD, ☆diabetic diarrhea
Loss of autonomic input to the GI tract results in abnormal peristalsis, leading to ☆disordered small-bowel and colonic motility, which can result in rapid intestinal transport.
→painless, secretory-like diarrhea that persists with fasting(eg ☆nocturnal diarrhea)
Fecal incontinence is particularly common in patients with long-standing diabetes, resulting from both a large volume of watery diarrhea and decreased anorectal sensation. endocrinologygastrointestinalUWorld HirotoShishido
anastomosis for gastrostomy, which bypass duodenumBillroth Ⅱ, Roux-en-Y
focal nodular hyperplasia(NFH)
common in female, age 20-50
regenerative reaction to hyperperfusion from anomalous arteries at center of nodule
☆lighter than normal liver tissue and lobulated with stellate scar from which ☆fibrous septate radiates to the periphery
helical CT scan (which evaluates the mass during different phases of vascular contrast) generally reveals a hyperdense lesion (ie, filled with contrast during hepatic arterial phase) and a ★central scar.
malrotationAnomaly of midgut rotation(around ☆SMA) during fetal development in proper positioning of bowel (small bowel clumped on the right side), formation of fibrous bands (Ladd bands)→ cause duodenal obstruction→ ☆bilious emesis during the first day of life
