"antibiotics" Post in this tag
antimycobacterial drugs
isoniazid=↓synthesis of mycolic acid(cell wall)
INH injures Neurons and Hepatocyte←administer with pyridoxine(B6)
SLE
(raft→)rifampin
4R
rifabutin is favored with HIV infection(less CYP stimulation)
(earth→)ethanbutol=inhibit arabinogalactan(cell wall)
optic neuritis,color blindness
pyrazinamide
gout,hepatotoxicity
streptomycin
tinnitus,nephrotoxicity
microbiology
pharmacology
antibiotics
HirotoShishido
glycopeptides
drugs,adverse effects
①VAN(MOUSe is printed)→VANcoMYCIn
television→TELavancin
COP(police)→teiCOPlanin
MRSA(Mars rover), C difficile(closet)
generally tolerable but NOT travel free(in dress)
Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity, Thrombophlebitis(血栓性静脈炎),diffuse flushing(red man syndrome)
DRESS synd(drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms synd)
②(Basilisk→)bacitracin
gram+(narrow spectrum, S aureus,S epidermis, S pyogens)
topical use only ☆because of its harsh nephrotoxic effects
microbiology
pharmacology
antibiotics
HirotoShishido
penicillinase resistant penicilin
drugs, clinical use
very narrow spectrum
(OX→)OXacillin
(NApping Fox→)NAFcillin
(MaTH textbook→)MeTHicillin
(CLOCK→)CLOXacillin
(DIgital CLOCK→)DICLOXacillin
S aureus(not for MRSA), S epidermidis
microbiology
pharmacology
antibiotics
HirotoShishido
broad spectrum penicillins
drugs,clinical use
(mocking bird→)amoxicillin,(a magpieカササギ→)ampicillin
amOxicillin has greater Oral bioavailability
antipseudomonal→ (pepper→)piperacillin, (tiger→)ticarcillin
both can HHELP SMithS kill enterococci
H influenzae,H pylori,E coli,Listeria monocytogenes,Proteus mirabilis,Salmonella,Moraxella catarrhalis,Shigella,enterococci
microbiology
pharmacology
antibiotics
HirotoShishido
tetracyclines
drugs,clinical use,adverse effects
four tires→tetracycline
minotaur→minocycline
doctor→doxycycline
tiger→tigercycline
acne, community acquired pneumonia
<intracellular>
①(hiker→)walking pneumonia,②(giant clam→)chlamydia,③rabit fever(francisella,野兎病),④Rocky mountain spotted fever(rickettsia)
(aiming at the doctor→)doxycycline is used
⑤(brunette wig→)coxiella barnetii(Q fever),
⑥Lyme disease(Borrelia)
doxycycline→prevent malaria
tigercycline and doxycycline→MRSA
photosensitivity, built in teeth and bones,tinnitus etc
microbiology
pharmacology
antibiotics
HirotoShishido
what is associated w/ pseudomonas
treatmemt
PSEUDOMONAS
pneumonia, sepsis, ☆ecthyma gangrenosum (壊疽性膿瘡), UTIs, diabetes, osteomyelitis, mucoid polysaccharide capsule, ☆malignant otitis externa→ ☆granulation tissue within the ear
canal
nosocomial lnfections (catheters,equipment), addicts, skin infections (e.g.hot tub folliculitis(☆swimmer's ear), wound infection in burn victims)
CAMPFIRE
Carbapenems
Aminoglycosides
Monobactams
Polymyxins(e.g.polymyxin B)
Fluoroquinolones
thIRd and fourth gens cephalosporins
Extended spectrum penicil...
microbiology
pharmacology
antibiotics
HirotoShishido
metronidazole clinical use compared with clindamycin
GET Large GAP on the Metro(nidazole)
Giardia,Entamoeba(赤痢アメーバ),Trichomonas,Lactobacillus,Gardnerella vaginalis,Anaerobes(Bacteroides,C difficile),Protozoan infection
→treats anaerobic infection below the diaphragm vs clindamycin(anaerobic infections above diaphragm e.g.Bacteroides spp.,clostridium perfringens in aspiration pneumonia,lung abscess,oral infections)
microbiology
pharmacology
antibiotics
HirotoShishido
cephalosporins 5th gens
characteristics,drugs,bacterias
cannot cross BBB
trampoline→ceftaroline
broad gram+,-,coverage
unlike 1〜4th gens,this covers MEL(MRSA, Enterococci, Listeria)
(enterococci, listeria →amonxicillin)
microbiology
pharmacology
antibiotics
HirotoShishido
cephalosporins 3rd gens
characteristics,drugs,bacterias
can cross brain-blood-barrier→meningitis
mechanic→cefixime
taxi→cefotaxime
three head ax→ceftriaxone
dime→ceftazidime
gong→gonorrhea
ceftriaxone→Lyme disease(borreia)
ceftazidime→pseudomonas
microbiology
pharmacology
antibiotics
HirotoShishido
cephalosporins 2nd gens
drugs,bacterias
falcon→cefaclor
furry coat→cefuroxime
pretzel→cefprozil
fox→cefoxtin
tea cup→cefotetan
HENS PEcK
haemophilus influenzae
enterobacter aerogenes
neisseria spp.
serratia marcescens
microbiology
pharmacology
antibiotics
HirotoShishido
fluoroquinolones indications,adverse effects
indications
both→gram-, urinary and GI tract infections, pseudomonas
newer→hospital acquired pneumonias
adverse effects
tendonitis(☆in people >60yo or people taking predonisone), peripheral neuropathy, ☆prolong QT interval(+macrolides) , damage to cartilage in children,contraindicated w/ pregnant(heart anomaly may occur to fetus)
☆chelation(like tetracycline, levothyroxine)
microbiology
pharmacology
antibiotics
HirotoShishido
aminoglycosides 5 medications, 5 bacteria,5 adverse effects
Mean GNATS(mosquitos) caNNOT kill anaerobes
Gentamycin(gentleman)
Neomycin(neon glow sticks)→before colorectal surgeries
Amikacin
Tobramycin(cobra)→eye infection or pseudomonas aeruginosa in peple w/ cystic fibrosis
Streptomycin(stripes)→mycobacterium tuberculosis
proteus(protests)
klebsiella(club)
e.coli(boder collie)
enterobacter(sausage)
serratia(serrated saw)
Nephrotoxicity,Neuromuscular blockade(contraindicated w/ myasthenia gravis),Ototoxicity,Teratogen(催奇形性)
microbiology
pharmacology
antibiotics
HirotoShishido
More