the reason why phenytoin trigger neural tube defectchronic phenytoin use changes PH in the gut into 10-12, which reduces folate uptake(optimal PH for folate is 5〜5.5) pharmacologyembryologyOBGY Apr 27, 2019, 12:33 AM HirotoShishido
pharyngeal clefts=鰓溝
from ectoderm
the 1st pharyngeal cleft helps form ear
→①external auditory meatus(ear canal)
②ear drums
aortic arches
①when does it exist ②where does it come from ③what Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅵ develop into①weeks 4-6
②sprout from aortic sac
③Ⅲ→common carotids
Ⅳ→lt aortic arch
rt right subclavian
Ⅵ→pulmonary arteries
(+left→ductus arteriosus) embryology Apr 19, 2019, 6:05 AM HirotoShishido
sinus hornright sinus horn→openings of superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
human development week3primitive streak day14
germ layers day14 (trilaminar disc)
notochord day17
neurulation day20
secondary villa and villous capillary system embryology Mar 31, 2019, 11:29 AM HirotoShishido