complications of roseola infantumFebrile seizures (in up to 15% of cases), usually without sequelae
☆Meningoencephalitis (very rare)
●HHV-6には遺伝学的に異なった2種類の株（HHV-6AとHHV-6B）が存在し，現在は異なる種として分類されている．突発性発疹の原因となるのはHHV-6Bであり，HHV-6Bを原因とする急性脳炎・脳症は年間約150例発生していると報告されている．HHV-6Aが引き起こす疾患はいまだに明らかになっていない．
●HHV-7ではHHV-6Bより臨床症状がやや軽症で，好発年齢もやや遅い pediatricsinfectious disease国試 Jan 4, 2021, 7:01 AM HirotoShishido
management of otitis media with effusionPatients without speech impairement at the time of diagnosis: ★monitor for 3 months
Patients with speech impairement or persistent OME at follow-up
Age < 4 years: placement of tympanostomy tubes
Age ≥ 4 years: placement of tympanostomy tubes and/or adenoidectomy ENTpediatricsUWorld step2CK Dec 16, 2020, 1:21 AM HirotoShishido
咽頭異物の除去喉頭異物による窒息時は，1歳以上の幼児の場合，Heimlich法（abdominal thrusts 急激に上腹部を圧迫し気道内圧を上げる方法）を行い，1歳未満の乳児の場合は，胸部突き上げ法や背部叩打法(back blow)を行って異物を除去する． pediatricsemergency medicine卒試 Oct 20, 2020, 4:41 AM HirotoShishido
Short Stature DDxABCDEFG
Alone (neglected infant)
Bone dysplasias (rickets, scoliosis, mucopolysaccharidoses)
Chromosomal (Turner, Down)
Delayed growth (constitutional) Endocrine (low GH, Cushing, hypothyroid)
Familial
GI malabsorption (celiac, Crohn’s) pediatricsendocrinology Oct 20, 2020, 2:58 AM HirotoShishido
treatment of vesicoureteral reflux• spontaneous resolution in 60% of primary reflux
■ in lower grades (I-III), goal is to prevent infection or renal damage via medical treatment
• medical treatment: daily ABx prophylaxis
• surgical treatment: ureteral reimplantation ± ureteroplasty, or subureteral injection with bulking agents (Deflux® or Macroplastique®)
■ indications include failure of medical management, renal scarring (e.g. renal insufficiency, HTN), breakthrough UTIs, persistent ☆high grade (IV or V) reflux urologypediatrics卒試 Oct 19, 2020, 8:47 AM HirotoShishido
common age with premature thelarcheIt occurs in females younger than 8 years, with the highest occurrence before the age of 2. PT is rare, occurring in 2.2-4.7% of females aged 0 to 2 years old. pediatrics卒試 Oct 19, 2020, 5:22 AM HirotoShishido
treatment of polydactylyAmputation of least functional digit Usually >1 yr of age (when functional status can be assessed) plastic surgerypediatrics卒試 Oct 18, 2020, 7:47 AM HirotoShishido
Indication for operative management of Intussusception発症後時間が経過して壊死が疑われるまたは腹膜炎を伴う場合や，高圧浣腸で整復されない場合は，Hutchinson手技（開腹して内筒を押し出す整復法）を用いる． pediatricssurgery卒試 Oct 18, 2020, 5:00 AM HirotoShishido
risk/ pathophysiology/ investigation/ treatment of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newbornasphyxia, meconium aspiration syndrome, RDS, sepsis, pneumonia, structural abnormalities (e.g. diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary hypoplasia)
(★)chest x-ray is often normal, and ★preductal oxygen saturation is typically higher than postductal saturation
★normal femoral pulses ⇔coarctation →diminished femoral pulses and often lower extremity pallor
