6 pathways for respiratory regulation①voluntary control: bypass respiratory centers and send signals directly to C3-5
②control via chemoreceptor: H+ stimulates CCR →pneumotaxic center(PC)→DRG→inspiration
③control via stretch receptor(=Hering Breuer reflex): stretch receptor send signals to pneumotaxic center→ decrease signals to DRG→ transition from inspiration to expiration
④,⑤control via subepithelial receptors and Juxta capillary receptors: (same as ③)
⑥control via muscle proprioceptors: signal are sent via dorsal cord to DRG respiratory HirotoShishido
acute respiratory distress syndrome
histopathologyleakage of protein rich fluid into alveoli
formation of intra-alveolar hyaline membranes respiratory HirotoShishido
sympathomimetics and muscarinic antagonists for obstructive lung disease(2 headed bee→)β2 agonists
short acting: (Albert Einstein→)albuterol
long acting: (salmon, formal wear→)salmeterol, formoterol→ can be used for COPD
small cell carcinoma
hormone productionACTH→Cushing syndrome
ADH→SIADH
Antibodies against presynaptic Ca2+ channel→Ach release is affected→weakness on the lower extremities(Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome) endocrinologyrespiratoryneurology HirotoShishido
monoclonal therapy for asthma refractory to inhaled steroids and long acting β2 agonistsomalizumab
inhibit serum IgE from binding to FcεRI pharmacologyrespiratory HirotoShishido
