"oncology" Post in this tag
topoisomerase inhibitors for neoplasm
topoisomerase Ⅱ
etoposide
teni(2)poside
→testicular cancer, SCLC, leukemia, lymphoma
topoisomerase Ⅰ
I(1)rinotecan→colon cancer
topotecan→ovarian cancer, SCLC
oncology
pharmacology
HirotoShishido
anticancer drugs whose adverse effects may manifest as endometrial cancer
tamoxifen(selective estrogen receptor modulators, SERMs)
→☆breast cancer treatment and prevention
★cause endometrial hyperplasia
RALOXifene cannot cause endometrial cancer(u can RELAX)
→osteoporosis prevention
reproductive
oncology
UWorld step2CK
HirotoShishido
how RAS-MAPK does contribute to gene transcription for growth
Ras proteins are G-proteins linked to receptor tyrosine kinases in the cell membrane.
Ras-GTP causes a cascade of reactions within the cell, eventually initiating mitogen-activating protein kinase (MAPK).
pharmacology
oncology
HirotoShishido
BRAF neoplasm
dONt BLUFF poMERANian PUPPY
non-Hodgkin lymphoma, BRAF, melanoma, papillary thyioid carcinoma
vemurafenib= BRAF kinase inhibitor is used for melanoma with BRAF V600E poistive(seen in 40-60% of patients with melanoma)
pathology
oncology
UWorld
HirotoShishido
Sister Mary Joseph nodule
Blumer shelf
subcutaneous periumbilical metastasis of gastric cancer
palpable mass on digital rectal exam suggesting metastasis to rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas)
oncology
gastrointestinal
HirotoShishido
what is assoiated with
dietary nitrosamines, arsenic, contraceptive pills, polyvinyl chloride
nitrosamines(smoked foods)→ gastric cancer
arsenic→ angiosarcoma
contraceptive pills→ hepatic adenoma
polyvinyl chloride→ ☆angiosarcoma
oncology
gastrointestinal
UWorld
HirotoShishido
purine synthesis inhibitor
pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor
purine→
・azathioprine(is metabolized into),6-Mercaptopurine(MP)
pyrimidine→
・5-fluorouracil(FU) inhibit thymidylate synthase
・methotrexate inhibit DHFR(dihydrofolate reductase)
→both reduce dTMP(thymidine monophosphate)
pharmacology
oncology
biochemistry
HirotoShishido
difference between Bleomycin and Busulfan
Bleomycin→minimal myelosuppression
Busulfan→severe myelosuppression
pulmonary fibrosis,hyperpigmentation are common
oncology
pharmacology
HirotoShishido
common chemotoxicities
Cisplatin/Carboplatin→ototoxicity
Vincristine→peripheral neuropathy
Buleomycin,Busulfan→pulmonary fibrosis
Doxorubicin→cardiotoxicity
Trastuzumab(herceptin)→cardiotoxicity
Cisplatin/Carboplatin→nephrotoxicity
CYclophosphamide→hemorrhagic cystitis
oncology
hematology
pharmacology
HirotoShishido
What neoplasms are associated with psammoma bodies?
PSaMMOMa body(砂粒体)
Pappilary(tryroid),
Somatostatinoma,
Meningioma,
Mesothelioma(中皮腫)
Ovarian serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma
Milk→ prolactinoma
pathology
oncology
HirotoShishido
AFP↑ 5 diseases
AFP↓ 2 diseases
☆accurate dating is crucial for determining whether levels of AFP are abnormal for gestational age
synthesized in fetal liver, GI tract, and yolk sac(early gestation only)
↑
hepatocellular carcinoma(including hepatoblastoma)
endodermal sinus(yolk suc) tumor
mixed germ cell tumor
ataxia telangiectasia(血管拡張性失調症 leads to lymphoma)
neural tube defect
↓
21 trisomy
18 trisomy(Edward)
biochemistry
oncology
UWorld
HirotoShishido
antimetabolites
microtubule inhibiters
platinum agents
alkylating agents
topoisomerase inhibitors
bleomycin
cell cycle
→S phase
→M phase
→cell cycle independent(DNA synthesis is affected)
→cell cycle independent
→S phase and G2 phase
→G2 phase(breaks DNA strands by free vadical)
oncology
pharmacology
biochemistry
HirotoShishido