primary active transport・Na+, K+ATPase (or na+–K+ pump) in cell membranes transports Na+ from intracellular to extracellular fluid and K+ from extracellular to intracellular fluid.
・Ca2+ATPase (or Ca2+ pump) in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) or cell membranes transports Ca2+ against an electrochemical gradient.
・☆H+, K+ATPase (or proton pump) in gastric parietal cells transports H+ into the lumen of the stomach against its electrochemical gradient. physiologyUWorld HirotoShishido
which factors increase the rate of simple diffusion・Higher concentration gradients across the membrane
・Lower molecular weight
・Larger diffusion surface area
・Thinner membrane thickness physiologyUWorld HirotoShishido
factors which increases the risk of heat stroke in the elderlycontraction of the peripheral vasculature
reduced sweat gland density
☆reduced effective epidermal area available for heat transfer
Types of muscle fiberstype Ⅰ
Think “1 slow red ox”
Oxidative phosphorylation(OP) sustained contraction
☆myoglobin rich
☆mitochondria rich (OP location)
high content of lipids (fatty acids are primary energy source for OP)
