primary active transport・Na+, K+ATPase (or na+–K+ pump) in cell membranes transports Na+ from intracellular to extracellular fluid and K+ from extracellular to intracellular fluid.
・Ca2+ATPase (or Ca2+ pump) in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) or cell membranes transports Ca2+ against an electrochemical gradient.
・☆H+, K+ATPase (or proton pump) in gastric parietal cells transports H+ into the lumen of the stomach against its electrochemical gradient. physiologyUWorld May 21, 2020, 2:46 AM HirotoShishido
which factors increase the rate of simple diffusion・Higher concentration gradients across the membrane
・Lower molecular weight
・Larger diffusion surface area
・Thinner membrane thickness physiologyUWorld May 2, 2020, 1:15 AM HirotoShishido
factors which increases the risk of heat stroke in the elderlycontraction of the peripheral vasculature
reduced sweat gland density
☆reduced effective epidermal area available for heat transfer
Types of muscle fiberstype Ⅰ
Think “1 slow red ox”
Oxidative phosphorylation(OP) sustained contraction
☆myoglobin rich
☆mitochondria rich (OP location)
high content of lipids (fatty acids are primary energy source for OP)