management for croup■ ☆dexamethasone x 1 dose
■ if moderate-severe (stridor at rest), add ★nebulized epinephrine (racemic has limited availability)
After administration, patients are observed for 4 hours because symptoms can recur. Patients needing multiple doses of nebulized epinephrine typically require hospital admission.
LaxativesL is BOOSS
①Lubiprostone (chloride channel agonist)
②Bulk-forming (psyllium)(fiber-supplements)(bulky seaweed binds luminal water to decrease consistency of stool)
③Osmotic laxatives(PEG(polyethylene glycol) drain cover)(★lactulose, magnesium hydroxide)
④Opioid antagonist(eg ☆methylnaltrexone
→ doesn't cross BBB→ ☆doesn't induce withdrawal)
⑤Surfactant(canoe at the DOCK→docusate) reduces the surface tension of stool, enabling water and fat to enter and soften it
⑥Stimulant(bisacodyl, ... gastrointestinal国試直前UWorld HirotoShishido
